Thursday, 7 January 2016

Pronunciation of -ed

Watch this video and try to practise the pronunciation of the final -ed


Sunday, 1 March 2015

MODAL VERBS

MODAL VERBS


Verb

Use


Example
CAN



Permission


Can I open the window, mum?
Ability


She can play the piano very well
General possibility


It´s cloudy. It can rain in a moment
CAN´T

Something is imposible to happen

Jane is in England now; you can´t have seen this morning
COULD



Permission


Could I open the window, Sir?
Ability


She could play the piano when she was 4
Possibility


It´s a bit cloudy. It could rain if the sky is so covered
MAY


Permission


May I ask you a question, Sir?
Possibility


I may go to Italy this summer; my family would like to visit Rome
MIGHT

Possibility
I´m not sure but it might snow tonight although the temperatures are a bit higher
MUST


Obligation


You must keep silence on the premises
Possibility


Open the door; it must be Paul, I am sure
MUSTN´T

Prohibition


You mustn´t smoke in this restaurant, it´s forbidden
HAVE TO
(semi-modal)
Obligation


I can´t go to the cinema with you. I have to look after my little sister
DON´T HAVE TO
(semi-modal)
Lack of obligation
Why did you get up so early? You are on holiday. You don´t have to go to work
SHOULD


Obligation


You should wash and feed your pets properly
Advice


You have a terrible toothache. You should see your dentist
OUGHT TO
Moral obligation


My 82 year-old neighbour is sick. I ought to go shopping for her
NEEDN´T
Something is not necessary

It´s enough! You needn´t bring any more pieces of wood
WILL
Prediction


(a fortune teller): You will have three children
Request


Will you please set aside?
Decision taken at the moment


There isn´t any sugar in the jar. I´ll get some from the kitchen
SHALL
Offer


Shall I help you? Your seem to be very busy
Suggestion


Shall we have a swim? It´s very hot
WOULD
Repetitive action in the past


When I lived in London, I would go to Hyde Park every afternoon
Invitation


Would you like something to drink?

Thursday, 17 April 2014

Reported speech


STATEMENTS

Changes in verb tenses

Direct speech
Reported speech
“I live in this house”, she said
She said that she lived in that house

“We are watching TV now”, they said
They said that they were watching TV at that moment

“He bought his house here”, she said
She said that he bought his house there
She said that he had bought his house there
“I was listening to music all night”, she said
She said that she was listening to music all night
She said that she had been listening to music all night
“I have repaired the radio myself”, she said
She said that she had repaired the radio herself

“We had painted the walls in summer”, he said
He said that they had painted the walls in summer

“You will see your friends soon”, he said
He said that I would see my friends soon

“He would like to live here”, she said
She said that he would like to live there

“You must get up early”, she said
She said that I had to get up early

“I may rain tonight”, he said
He said that it might rain that night

“I can ride a bike”, he said
He said that he could ride a bike

“I might study at university”, she said
She said that she might study at university

“I could play the piano when I was little”, he said
He said that he could play the piano when he was little

Changes in adverbs and demonstratives
Now
Then/at that moment

Today
That day

Tonight
That night

Yesterday
The day before/the previous day

Tomorrow
The day after/the following day

Last week
The week before/the previous week

Next week
The week after/the following week

In two days
Two days later

Two days ago
Two days before

Here
There

This
That

These
Those


QUESTIONS
Questions

Yes-No questions

“Do you study here?”, he said
He asked me if I studied there

“Are you reading this book?”, he said
He asked us if we were reading that book

Wh- questions
“What are you doing?”, he said to her
He asked her what she was doing

“Where did you leave my book?”, he said to me
He asked me where I had left his book

COMMANDS, REQUESTS AND OTHERS
Commands, requests and others

“Give me my magazine”, he said
He told me to give him his magazine

“Can you pass me the salt, please?”, he said
He asked me to pass him the salt

“Come down right night”, he said
He ordered me to come down at once

“Oh, please, please, write to us soon”, they said
They begged us to write to them soon

“You should see a doctor”, he said
He advised me to see a doctor

“Don´t play near the river, children”, he said
He warned the children not to play near the river

“Would you like something to drink?, he said
He invited me to have a drink

“Shall I help you with the bags?”, he said
He offered me to help me with the bags

“Why don´t we have a swim?”, she said
She suggested having a swim